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“Bhaskara II's Lilavati §134 (1150 CE) states the Pythagorean theorem: the hypotenuse (Sanskrit karna, here "diagonal") equals the square root of the sum of the squares of the two legs. Not original to Bhaskara — the Indian Sulbasutras (Baudhayana, Apastamba, ~800 BCE) state it geometrically for altar construction, centuries before Pythagoras (~530 BCE). Lilavati §134 is the canonical late-medieval Sanskrit statement of an already-2,000-year-old Indian result. ”